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Tzu-kung said, A gentleman's faults are like the eating of sun or moon. All men see them, and when he mends all men look up to him.
第十九
BOOK XIX
21. 子貢曰：「君子之過也，如日月之食焉。過也，人皆見之；更也，人皆仰之。」
Tzu-kung said, A gentleman's faults are like the eating of sun or moon. All men see them, and when he mends all men look up to him.
22. 衛公孫朝問於子貢曰：「仲尼焉學？」子貢曰：「文武之道，未墜於地，在人。賢者 識其大者，不賢者識其小者，莫不有文武之道焉。夫子焉不學，而亦何常師之有！」
Kung-sun Ch'ao of Wei asked Tzu-kung, From whom did Chung-ni learn? Tzu-kung said, The Way of Wen and Wu has not fallen into ruin. It lives in men: the big in big men, the small in small men. In none of them is the Way of Wen and Wu missing. How should the Master not learn it? What need had he for a set teacher?
23. 叔孫武叔語大夫於朝曰：「子貢賢於仲尼。」子服景伯以告子貢。子貢曰：「譬之宮 牆。賜之牆也及肩，窺見屋家之好；夫子之牆數仞，不得其門而入，不見宗廟之美，百官之富。得其門者或寡矣！夫子之云，不亦宜乎！」
In talk with the great men of the court Shu-sun Wu-shu said, Tzu-kung is worthier than Chung-ni. Tzu-fu Ching-po told this to Tzu-kung. Tzu-kung said, This is like the palace wall. My wall reaches to the shoulder: peeping over you see the good home within. The Master's wall is several fathoms high: no one can see the beauty of the Ancestral Temple and the wealth of its hundred officers, unless he gets in by the gate. And if only a few men find the gate, may not my lord have spoken the truth?
24. 叔孫武叔毀仲尼。子貢曰：「無以為也！仲尼不可毀也。他人之賢者，丘陵也，猶可 踰也。仲尼，日月也，無得而踰焉。人雖欲自絕，其何傷於日月乎？多見其不知自量也！」
Shu-sun Wu-shu cried down Chung-ni. Tzu-kung said, It is labour lost. Chung-ni cannot be cried down. The greatness of other men is a hummock, over which we can still leap. Chung-ni is the sun or moon, which no one can overleap. Though the man were willing to kill himself, how could he hurt the sun or moon? That he does not know his own measure would only be seen the better!
25. 陳子禽謂子貢曰：「子為恭也，仲尼豈賢於子乎？」子貢曰：「君子一言以為知，一 言以為不知，言不可不慎也！夫子之不可及也，猶天之不可階而升也。夫子之得邦家者，所謂立之斯立，道之斯行，綏之斯來，動之斯和。其生也榮，其死也哀，如之何其可及也？」
Ch'en Tzu-ch'in said to Tzu-kung, Ye humble yourself, Sir. In what is Chung-ni your better? Tzu-kung said, By one word a gentleman shows wisdom, by one word want of wisdom. Words must not be lightly spoken. No one can come up to the Master, as heaven is not to be climbed by steps. If the Master had power in a kingdom, or a clan, the saying would come true, 'What he sets up stands; he shows the way and men go it, he brings peace and they come, he stirs them and they are at one. Honoured in life, he is mourned when dead!' Who can come up to him?
Tzu-hsia said, if we teach one thing in the way of a gentleman first, shall we tire before reaching the next? Thus plants and trees differ in size. Should the way of a gentleman bewilder him? To learn it, first and last, none but the holy are fit.
第十九
BOOK XIX
11. 子夏曰：「大德不踰閑，小德出入可也。」
Tzu-hsia said, If we keep within the bounds of honour, we can step to and fro through propriety.
12. 子游曰：「子夏之門人小子，當洒掃，應對，進退，則可矣。抑末也；本之則無，如 之何？」子夏聞之曰：「噫！言游過矣！君子之道，孰先傳焉？孰後倦 焉？譬諸草木，區以別矣。君子之道，焉可誣也？有始有卒者，其惟聖人乎！」
Tzu-yu said, The disciples, the little sons of Tzu-hsia, can sprinkle and sweep, attend and answer, come in and go out; but what can come of twigs without roots? When Tzu-hsia heard this, he said, Yen Yu is wrong. If we teach one thing in the way of a gentleman first, shall we tire before reaching the next? Thus plants and trees differ in size. Should the way of a gentleman bewilder him? To learn it, first and last, none but the holy are fit.
13. 子夏曰：「仕而優則學，學而優則仕。」
Tzu-hsia said, A servant of the crown should give his spare strength to learning. With his spare strength a scholar should serve the crown.
14. 子游曰：「喪致乎哀而止。」
Tzu-yu said, Mourning should stretch to grief, and stop there.
15. 子游曰：「吾友張也，為難能也，然而未仁。」
Tzu-yu said, Our friend Chang can do hard things, but love is not yet his.
16. 曾子曰：「堂堂乎張也，難與并為仁矣。」
Tseng-tzu said, Chang is so spacious, so lordly, that at his side it is hard to do what love bids.
17. 曾子曰：「吾聞諸夫子：『人未有自致者也，必也親喪乎！』」
Tseng-tzu said, I have heard the Master say, Man never shows what is in him unless it be in mourning those dear to him.
18. 曾子曰：「吾聞諸夫子：『孟莊子之孝也，其他可能也，其不改父之臣與父之政，是 難能也。』」
Tseng-tzu said, I have heard the Master say, In all else we may be as good a son as Meng Chuang, but in not changing his father's ministers, or his father's rule, he is hard to match.
19. 孟氏使陽膚為士師，問於曾子。曾子曰：「上失其道，民散久矣！如得其情，則哀矜 而勿喜。」
The Meng made Yang Fu Chief Knight, who spake to Tseng-tzu about it. Tseng-tzu said, Those above have lost their way, the people have long been astray. When thou dost get at the truth, be moved to pity, not puffed with joy.
20. 子貢曰：「紂之不善，不如是之甚也。是以君子惡居下流，天下之惡皆歸焉。」
Tzu-kung said, Chou was not so very wicked! Thus a gentleman hates to live in a hollow, down into which runs all that is foul below heaven.
Tzu-hsia said, A gentleman changes thrice. Looking up to him he seems stern; as we draw near, he warms; but his speech, when we hear it, is sharp.
第十九
BOOK XIX
1. 子張曰：「士見危致命，見得思義，祭思敬，喪思哀，其可已矣。」
Tzu-chang said, The knight that stakes his life when he sees danger, who in sight of gain thinks of right, and whose thoughts are reverent at worship, and sad when he is in mourning, will do.
2. 子張曰：「執德不弘，信道不篤，焉能為有？焉能為亡？」
Tzu-hsia said, Goodness, clutched too narrowly; a belief in the Way which is not honest; can they be said to be, or said not to be?
3. 子夏之門人，問「交」於子張。子張曰：「子夏云何？」對曰：「子夏曰：『可者與 之，其不可者拒之。』」子張曰：「異乎吾所聞：『君子尊賢而容眾，嘉善而矜不能。』我之大賢與，於人何所不容。我之不賢與，人將拒我，如之何拒人也！」
The disciples of Tzu-hsia asked Tzu-chang whom we should choose as our companions. Tzu-chang said. What does Tzu-hsia say? They answered, Tzu-hsia says, If the men be well for thee, go with them; if they be not well, push them off. Tzu-chang said. This is not the same as what I had heard. A gentleman honours worth and bears with the many. He applauds goodness and pities weakness. If I were a man of great worth, what could I not bear with in others? If I am without worth, men will push me off: why should I push other men off?
4. 子夏曰：「雖小道，必有可觀者焉；致遠恐泥，是以君子不為也。」
Tzu-hsia said, Though there must be things worth seeing along small ways, a gentleman does not follow them, for fear of being left at last in the mire.
5. 子夏曰：「日知其所亡，月無忘其所能，可謂好學也已矣！」
Tzu-hsia said, He that each day remembers his failings and each month forgets nothing won may be said to love learning indeed!
6. 子夏曰：「博學而篤志，切問而近思，仁在其中矣。」
Tzu-hsia said, By wide learning and singleness of will, by keen questions and home thinking we reach love.
7. 子夏曰：「百工居肆，以成其事，君子學以致其道。」
Tzu-hsia said, To master the hundred trades, apprentices work in a shop; by learning, a gentleman finds his way.
8. 子夏曰：「小人之過也必文。」
Tzu-hsia said, The small man must always gloss his faults.
9. 子夏曰：「君子有三變：望之儼然，即之也溫，聽其言也厲。」
Tzu-hsia said, A gentleman changes thrice. Looking up to him he seems stern; as we draw near, he warms; but his speech, when we hear it, is sharp.
10. 子夏曰：「君子信而後勞其民，未信則以為厲己也。信而後諫，未信則以為謗己 也。」
Tzu-hsia said, Until they trust him, a gentleman lays no burdens on his people. If they do not trust him, they will think it cruel. Until they trust him, he does not chide them. Unless they trust him, it will seem fault-finding.
The Duke of Chou said to the Duke of Lu, A gentleman does not forsake kinsmen, nor offend his great lieges by not using them. He will not cast off an old friend unless he have big cause; he does not ask everything of anyone.
微子第十八
BOOK XVIII
7. 子路從而後，遇丈人，以杖荷蓧，子路問曰：「子見夫子乎？」丈人曰：「四體不勤， 五穀不分，孰為夫子！」植其杖而芸。子路拱而立。止子路宿，殺雞為黍而食之，見其二子焉。明日，子路行以告。子曰：「隱者也。」使子路反見之。至，則行矣。子路曰：「不士無義，長幼之節，不可廢也。君臣之義，如之何其廢之？欲潔其身，而亂大倫。君子之仕也，行其義也，道之不行，已知之矣！」
Tzu-lu, who was following behind, met an old man carrying a basket on his staff.
Tzu-lu asked him, Have ye seen the Master, Sir?
The old man answered, Thy four limbs are idle, thou canst not sort the five seeds: who is thy Master?
And he planted his staff, and weeded.
Tzu-lu stood and bowed.
He kept Tzu-lu for the night, killed a fowl, made millet, gave them him to eat, and presented his two sons.
Tzu-lu left the next day, and told the Master.
The Master said, He is in hiding.
He sent Tzu-lu back to see him; but when he arrived he had gone.
Tzu-lu said, Not to take office is not right. If the ties of old and young cannot be thrown off, how can he throw off the liege's duty to his lord? He wishes to keep his life clean, but he is unsettling the bonds between men. To discharge that duty a gentleman takes office, though he knows beforehand that the Way will not be kept.
8. 逸民：伯夷、叔齊、虞仲、夷逸、朱張、柳下惠、少連。子曰：「不降其志，不辱其 身，伯夷叔齊與？」謂柳下惠、少連：「降志辱身矣；言中倫，行中慮，其斯而已矣！」謂虞仲、夷逸：「隱居放言，身中清，廢中權。」「我則異於是，無可無不可。」
Po-yi, Shu-ch'i, Yü-chung, Yi-yi, Chu-chang, Liu-hsia Hui and Shao-lien were men that hid from the world.
The Master said, Po-yi and Shu-ch'i did not bend the will or shame the body.
We must say that Liu-hsia Hui and Shao-lien bent the will and shamed the body. Their words hit man's duty, their deeds hit our hopes. This we can say and no more.
We may say that Yü-chung and Yi-yi lived hidden, but were free of speech. Their lives were clean, their retreat was well weighed.
But I am unlike all of them: there is nothing I must, or must not, do.
9. 大師摯適齊，亞飯干適楚，三飯繚適蔡，四飯缺適秦；鼓方叔，入於河；播武， 入於漢；少師陽，擊磬襄，入於海。
Chih, the Great Music-master, went to Ch'i; Kan, the conductor at the second meal, went to Ch'u; Liao, the conductor at the third meal, went to Ts'ai; Chüeh, the conductor at the fourth meal, went to Ch'in. The drum master Fang-shu crossed the River; the tambourine master Wu crossed the Han; Yang the second bandmaster and Hsiang, who played the sounding stones, crossed the sea.
10. 周公謂魯公曰：「君子不施其親，不使大臣，怨乎不以。故舊無大故，則不棄也。無 求備於一人。」
The Duke of Chou said to the Duke of Lu, A gentleman does not forsake kinsmen, nor offend his great lieges by not using them. He will not cast off an old friend unless he have big cause; he does not ask everything of anyone.
11. 周有八士：伯達、伯适、仲突、仲忽、叔夜、叔夏、季隨、季騧。子張
Chou had eight knights: Po-ta and Po-kuo, Chung-tu and Chung-hu, Shu-yeh and Shu-hsia, Chi-sui and Chi-kua.
