User blogs

The Errors of Statistical Hypotheses and Scientific Theories (Stephen P. Smith)

The process of error recognition is explored first in statistics, and then in science. The Type II error found in statistical hypothesis testing is found analogous to Karl Popper’s “logical probability” that is intended to measure the likelihood that a scientific theory can avoid its refutation. Nevertheless, Popper’s reliance on deductive thinking is found detracting from his demarcation that separates science and metaphysics. An improved critical logic for science is presented that permits error recognition more broadly: for induction by Popper’s falsification principle; but also for deduction and emotionality. The reality of induction creates a limitation for a science that has not accommodated a fuller menu of error recognition. The reality of induction places limits of what can be known from empiricism, and this has philosophical implications. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/297

Kaluza-Klein Inflationary Universe in General Relativity (by Kishor S. Adhav)

Kaluza-Klein inflationary universe in general relativity has been studied. To obtain the deterministic model of the universe, it has been considered that the energy-momentum tensor of particles almost vanishes in the course of the expansion of the universe and thereby total energy-momentum tensor reduces to vacuum stress tensor. This assumption leads to (i) a ~ exp[Ht], where a is scale factor and H is Hubble constant. (ii) the effective potential V( ϕ) = constant, where ϕ is Higg’s field. It is observed that inflationary scenario is possible in Kaluza-Klein universe. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/279

10 Reasons to Buy into Big Science (by Philip E. Gibbs)

When people hear the price tag for big science experiments like the Large Hadron Collider or the Hubble Space Telescope they wonder what the benefits are that justify the cost. I am not talking about projects with obvious potential benefits such as a fusion reactor. This is about pure science, why is it worth doing? In fact there are lots of reasons so here is my list of the top 10, starting with the least important. This article is based on viXra Log at http://blog.vixra.org. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/301

The Schrodinger-Equation Presentation of Any Oscillatory Classical Linear System that Is Homogeneous and Conservative (by Steven K. Kauffmann):

The time-dependent Schrodinger equation with time-independent Hamiltonian matrix is a homogeneous linear oscillatory system in canonical form. We investigate whether any classical system that itself is linear, homogeneous, oscillatory and conservative is guaranteed to linearly map into a Schrodinger equation. Such oscillatory classical systems can be analyzed into their normal modes, which are mutually independent, uncoupled simple harmonic oscillators, and the equation of motion of such a system linearly maps into a Schrodinger equation whose Hamiltonian matrix is diagonal, with h times the individual simple harmonic oscillator frequencies as its diagonal entries. Therefore if the coupling-strength matrix of such an oscillatory system is presented in symmetric, positive-definite form, the Hamiltonian matrix of the Schrodinger equation it maps into is h-bar times the square root of that coupling-strength matrix. We obtain a general expression for mapping this type of oscillatory classical equation of motion into a Schrodinger equation, and apply it to the real-valued classical Klein-Gordon equation and the source-free Maxwell equations, which results in relativistic Hamiltonian operators that are strictly compatible with the correspondence principle. Once such an oscillatory classical system has been mapped into a Schrodinger equation, it is automatically in canonical form, making second quantization of that Schrodinger equation a technically simple as well as a physically very interpretable way to quantize the original classical system. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/294

Nonlinear Theory of Elementary Particles Part XIV: On Photon and Electron Structure (by Alexander G. Kyriakos)

In the present article is shown the equivalence of the description of particles as point-like in the framework of quantum theory and as non-point-like in the framework of the nonlinear theory of elementary particles (NTEP). It is shown that non-point electron explains many peculiarities of quantum theory with respect to the classical theory. It is shown that the non-point structure of the electron allows us to calculate the characteristics of the electron and, in particular, to prove the universality of the electron charge. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/295

Logic and Probability (by Gunn Quznetsov): Abstract: The propositional logic is generalized on the real numbers field. The logical function with all properties of the classical probability function is obtained. The logical analog of the Bernoulli independent tests scheme is constructed. The logical analog of the Large Number Law is deduced from properties of these functions. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/72

Causality is inconsistent with quantum field theory (by Fred A. Wolf): Abstract: It is shown that the usual quantum field theoretical argument for the vanishing of the commutator (VC) for spacelike separated fields implying causality is not tenable. For VC to be tenable negative energy antiparticles traveling forward in time must exist and negative energy particles traveling backward in time are not allowed. Hence VC denies the existence of positive energy antiparticles. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/85

Non-local Compton Wave in Holographic Universe (by Czeslaw Hlawiczka): Abstract: The Compton wavelength is quantum information which is also non-local and interferes with each other and may create a holographic background of the quantum events which we know as the vacuum. An observer moves through this information background which is atemporal by a nature. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/76

The Cyclotron Note Books (by Philip E. Gibbs): Abstract: The cyclotron note books are a collection of essays about fundamental physics and metaphysics. The central essay is about the principle of event-symmetric space-time, a new theory about how to do quantum gravity. The style is more technical in some parts than in others. Each essay can be read independently but if you find that one of them has terms which you don't understand you may find them explained in an earlier one. The later ones may be too difficult for the layman and even I don't understand the last one. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/86

Energy Is Conserved in the Classical Theory of General Relativity (by Philip E. Gibbs): Abstract: The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is conserved. It is one of the most fundamental laws of physics and not one that you would expect many physicists to challenge, so it comes as a surprise to find that a growing number of cosmologists and relativists are doing just that. Of course any law of physics is subject to experimental verification and as new realms of observation are opened up we should require that previous assumptions including conservation of energy are checked. But the subject under question is not new physics in this sense. It is the classical theory of general relativity. Whether general relativity is correct is not the issue, although it has withstood all experimental tests so far. The question concerns whether energy is conserved in the classical theory of general relativity with or without cosmological constant as given be Einstein nearly 100 years ago. This is a purely mathematical question. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/89

Time Paradox, Zitterbewegung and Noncommutative Geometry (by Lawrence B. Crowell): Abstract: The zitterbewgung of the electron is associated with an intrinsic time for an electron, or any of the fermionic particles with mass such as quarks and leptons. In this article it is shown that a massless particle coupled to noncommutative coordinate geometry is subjected to a gauge-like force. This force acts to trap the massless particle in an orbit within a region. This bottled massless particle then has an induced mass. This is then argued to be tied to fundamental aspects of physics, such as a dynamical Higgs model, as well as strings and p-brane theory. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/80

Perspectives towards the Interpretation of Physical Space as a Medium of Immediate Quantum Information Transfer (by Davide Fiscaletti, Amrit S. Sorli): Abstract: The space-time manifold characteristic of special relativity cannot be considered the basic arena of physical processes. Quantum non-locality introduces the possibility that the space-time manifold emerges from a more fundamental level of physical space. Here a new interpretation of quantum non-locality is suggested, which is based on a symmetrized quantum potential approach. On the basis of this interpretation, at a fundamental level, space functions as an immediate information medium between subatomic particles and it is possible to interpret in a correct and appropriate way both the forward time and the time reverse of the same quantum process; as a consequence of this interpretation, time exists only as a coordinate measuring the numerical order of material motions. A parallelism with the background of general relativity and quantum gravity is made. Finally, a symmetrized extension of Wheeler-DeWitt equation is suggested. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/84

Covariant Energy-Momentum Conservation in General Relativity with Cosmological Constant (by Philip E. Gibbs: Abstract: A covariant formula for conserved currents of energy, momentum and angular-momentum is derived from a general form of Noether’s theorem applied directly to the Einstein-Hilbert action of classical general relativity. Energy conservation in closed and flat big-bang cosmologies including cosmic radiation and dark energy is discussed as special cases. Special care is taken to distinguish between kinematic and dynamic expressions. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/81

A White Hole Model of the Big Bang (by Philip E. Gibbs: Abstract: A model of the universe as a very large white hole provides a useful alternative inhomogeneous theory to pit against the homogeneous standard FLRW big bang models. The white hole would have to be sufficiently large that we can fit comfortably inside the event horizon at the present time, so that the inhomogeneities of space-time are not in contradiction with current observational limits. A specific Lemaître-Tolman model of a spherically symmetric non-rotating white hole with a few adjustable parameters is investigated. Comparison of calculated anisotropy in the Hubble flow and the CMB against observational limits constrain the parameter space. A Copernican principle would require that we are not too near the centre of the white hole. As an additional constraint this predicts a value of W0 between 0.9999 and 1. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/82

The Crisis in Theoretical Physics: The Problem of Scientific Truth (by Temur Kalanov): Abstract: The problem of truth in science - the most urgent problem of our time - is discussed. The correct theoretical analysis of the generally accepted foundations of theoretical physics is proposed. The principle of the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics is a methodological basis of the analysis. The main result is as follows: the foundations (i.e. classical thermodynamics, the special theory of relativity & quantum mechanics) contain logical errors. The existence of logical errors is irrefutable proof of incorrectness of the theoretical foundations and means that theoretical physics enters the greatest crisis. The crisis in physics leads inevitably to the general crisis in science. The crisis as effect is explained by existence of the global cause: the crisis is a collateral and inevitable result of inductive method of knowledge of the Nature. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/68

In Response to Kalanov: A Crisis for Physics or Limitations of Logic? (by Jonathan J. Dickau): Abstract: The paper by Temur Kalanov “The Crisis in Theoretical Physics: The Problem of Scientific Truth” asserts that “The existence of logical errors is irrefutable proof of incorrectness of the theoretical foundations” of Physics. While Kalanov raises some legitimate concerns about how we have come to found our current theoretical edifice, it is my view that he is incorrect to assert that this constitutes disproof. His work may show that some of our cherished notions have a flimsy basis, if we believe his construction, but this is not the same as showing that these notions are incorrect. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/69

In Response to Kalanov: How Many Truths Exist in Science? (by Alexander G. Kyriakos: Abstract: During past five thousand years, scientists have used all existent approaches. Owing to their subjectivism the scientists turn each time from one approach to the other. Old theories were replaced by the new theories, which were more appropriate to modern stand of spirit of the people. Thus, what is necessary to be done now, if a modern scientific theory is not true? Is it sufficient to correct the Bacon law or is it needed something else? I think that first of all it is necessary to construct a new theory and then publish the new theory in an Open Journal System such as the Prespacetime Journal. And then maybe much patience is needed within the next 100 years to wait until the scientific society accepts this new theory. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/70

Nonlinear Theory of Elementary Particles: II. Photon Theory (by: Alexander G. Kyriakos): Abstract: In this article the photon theory is examined from the point of view of the nonlinear theory of elementary particles (Kyriakos, 2010). http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/59

Block Universe – According to the Formalism d = v x t Space-time Is Timeless (by Amrit S. Sorli, Davide Fiscaletti, Dusan Klinar): Abstract: According to the formalism d=v*t fourth dimension of space-time is spatial too. In formula X4=i*c*t symbol t represents numerical order of material change i.e. motion running in a space. Flow of time is flow of numerical order of material change that we measure with clocks. Fundamental unit of numerical order t0, t1, t2...tn of material change is a Planck time tp. Numerical order of material change tn-1 is “before” numerical order of material change tn equivalently as natural number n-1 is “before” natural number n. Flow of physical time is a flow of numerical order t0, t1, t2..tn of material change and runs in a timeless 4D space. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/60

Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics: A Critical Survey (by Michele Caponigro): Abstract: This brief survey analyzes the epistemological implications about the role of observer in the interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. As we know, the goal of most interpretations of quantum mechanics is to avoid the apparent intrusion of the observer into the measurement process. In the same time, there are implicit and hidden assumptions about his role. In fact, most interpretations taking as ontic level one of these fundamental concepts as information, physical law and matter bring us to new problematical questions. We think, that no interpretation of the quantum theory can avoid this intrusion until we do not clarify the nature of observer. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/61

Relativistic Effects of Relative Velocity of Material Change Start with Massive Particles (by Amrit S. Sorli): Abstract: Constancy of the light velocity in different inertial systems and areas of space with different gravity implies that relativistic effects of relative velocity of material change start with massive particles. http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/article/view/62

Relativistic Energy-Momentum & Relativistic Quantum Mechanics (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: The relativistic energy-momentum relationship is far more subtle than it seems to be at a first sight. As concerns the relativistic quantum mechanics, its underlying equations were deduced from, or in relation with the relativistic energy-momentum relationship by means of the principle of correspondence. Without a clear physical role and meaning associated, the matrices of the Dirac equation seemed to confirm that the principle of the physical determination of equations would not be proper to the new quantum mechanics. Therefore, we have to search for genuine physical information in the terms of the underlying equations of the relativistic quantum mechanics. This information concerns a level of structure of matter “even below that on which nuclear transformations take place.” http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/41

Subquantum Dynamics & Wavefunctions (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: The undulatory phenomenon that de Broglie associated to the quantum particles seems basic for their mathematical description by wavefunctions. The Dirac wavefunctions y contains in their structural elements information on the constituents of the Dirac particles responsible for, or at least in interrelation with, the undulatory phenomenon. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/42

Subquantum Model, Caianiello’s Phase Space, Space-Time Geometry & Ether (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: In the standard model of particle physics, the relativistic field theory disregards the essential subquantum information. We have built model of elementary particles consisting of two systems of subquantum particles spinning in opposite directions. We further discusss here the subquantum model, Caianiello’s phase space, space-time geometry & ether. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/43

Toward an Exciting Rebuilding of Modern Physics: Conclusion (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: By disclosing the objective reality behind Einstein’s manipulation of equations in [1], we provided for the first time a rationale for the revealed knowledge. It is this rationale that scientists should give in their works for a true advancement of science to be achieved. It should be understood that science and religion are not antinomies, as they seemed to be in the break of science. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/44

Epilogue: From ‘Physics Policy’ to ‘Physics as Policy’ (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: Leading physicists have become aware of the resulting lack of finality of most projects, which has scaled up the crisis of modern physics risen from the physicists’ attitude toward the role played by revelation in the act of science and the resulting uncontrolled mixture of revealed and rational knowledge in their minds. But, instead of identifying the causes of the crisis which we pointed out in Prologue), and eradicating them as we partly did in this work, they have opted for substantial funds by launching big, expensive projects with feeble experimental results. ‘Physics policy’ should define the contest for funds turning research projects into main contributions to progress. The turning of ‘physics policy’ into ‘physics as policy’ may be followed by a boom on the world market of novel technologies and products with maximum of profit for mankind. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/45

My Friendship with Dr. Alexandru Ceapa (by Yiannis Haranas): Abstract: This is my brief recollection of my friendship with Dr. Alexandru Ceapa who passed away in 2006. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/33

Dr. Alexandru C.V. Ceapa as I know (by Isabel Gaju) :Abstract: This is my brief recollection of Dr. Alexandru C.V. Ceapa as a family friend and physicist. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/34

Toward an Exciting Rebuilding of Modern Physics: Forward (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: For contributing to a true advancement of science, physicists should define a correct attitude toward revelation, identify, like the classical physicists, the physical information incorporated in the terms of the underlying equations, and give a rationale for their work, or any work they investigate. Einstein’s merit of turning parts of revealed knowledge (without being aware of dealing with it) into rational knowledge in deducing the Lorentz transformation in [1] proves that his genius was actually far more impressive than that just celebrated in the World Year of Physics 2005 [3]. Unfortunately, his resulting jumps over all explanatory steps have hidden his distinguished performance. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/35

Prologue: Outline of the Crisis of Modern Physics (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: The definition of revelation and the attitude toward it is illustrated. Key contributors toward the crisis of Modern Physics due to the unwareness or attitude on revealed knowledge are pointed out. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/36

Definitions, Working Hypothesis & Operational Method (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: Definitions, working hypothesis & operational method are described here. This will allow us to obtain later time-dependent coordinate transformations that are complementary to those already known as spatial translations and rotations. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/37

Complementary Time-Dependent Coordinate Transformation (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa): Abstract: Abstract coordinate systems at abolsute rest are discussed. Time-dependent coordinate transformations that are complementary to those already known as spatial translations and rotations are described here. Then, it is shown that standard Lorentz transformation is a complementary time-dependent coordinate transformation. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/38

Lorentz Transformation & the Meaning of Einstein’s 1905 Special Theory of Relativity (by Alexandru C. V. Ceapa) Abstract: When the Lorentz transformation as a complementary time-dependent coordinate transformation is applied to special relativity theory, we get the objective reality warranting Einstein’s decisions to manipulate some equations that led to the standard Lorentz transformation in [1]. It turns out that the terms and in the standard Lorentz transformation are, respectively, the abscissa of a geometrical point and the Newtonian time in which a light signal travels that abscissa. http://scigod.com/index.php/sgj/article/view/39

Prespacetime Journal Vol 2, No 11 (2011): The Superluminal Puzzle of Neutrino & Other Issues of Modern Physics

Table of Contents http://prespacetime.com/index.php/pst/issue/view/21

Special Reports
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Neutrinos, Press Embargos & Let's Talk about FTL Philip E. Gibbs

What Is the Future for Particle Accelerators? & HCP 2011: Will it Deliver? Philip E. Gibbs

Articles
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The Nature of the Gravitational Field Antoine Acke

Photon-Neutrino Symmetry and the OPERA Anomaly Ervin Goldfain

The Schrodinger-Equation Presentation of Any Oscillatory Classical Linear System that Is Homogeneous and Conservative Steven K. Kauffmann

Nonlinear Theory of Elementary Particles Part XIV: On Photon and Electron Structure Alexander G. Kyriakos

Hidden Dimensions Can Explain ‘Superluminal’ Neutrinos, and the Origin of Fermionic Mass Ray B. Munroe, Jr., Jonathan J. Dickau

The Errors of Statistical Hypotheses and Scientific Theories Stephen P. Smith

GR Articles
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Kaluza-Klein Inflationary Universe in General Relativity Kishor S. Adhav

Massive Mason Complex Scalar Waves Coupled with Gravitational and Electro-magnetic Waves in Plane Symmetry Sanjay R. Bhoyar, V. R. Chirde, A. G. Deshmukh

[z-t]-Type Plane Wave Solutions of Weakened Field Equations Vilas R. Chirde, A. M. Metkar, S. R. Bhoyar, A. G. Deshmukh

Kantowski-Sachs Cosmological Model with Non-Negative Declaration Parameter in Brans-Dicke Theory of Gravitation Sharad P. Kandalkar, Amrapali P. Wasnik, Mohini N. Gaikwad

FRW Cosmological Solutions with Zero-Mass Scalar Field Attached to Bulk Viscous Fluid in Saez-Ballester Theory of Gravitation Shivdas D Katore, M. M. Sancheti, N. K. Sarkate

Plane Wave-like Solution of the Field Equation for Generalized Peres Space-time Ganesh U. Khapekar

News
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2011 Nobel Prizes in Medicine, Physics & Chemistry Philip E. Gibbs

LHC Update: New Record, New Higgs Results & End of Run Philip E. Gibbs

ESA’s EUCLID to Explore Dark Energy While NASA’a WFIRST Is in Doubt Philip E. Gibbs

Forum
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10 Reasons to Buy into Big Science Philip E. Gibbs